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• The State has a double identity in pharmaceutical products market; it is the “buyer” and at the same time the regulator of prices
• The emphasis on price controls is not effective in containing pharmaceutical expenditure if it is not accompanied by measures to control volume consumption• The fragmentation of pharmaceutical expenditure supervision and control led to runaway expenses; public spending on pharmaceuticals amplified from €0.9bn in 1995 to €4.3bn in 2007 and €5.1bn in 2009
• Robust increase in imported pharmaceuticals and decrease in domestically produced ones over the last decade.